“Tourism in International Relations” Lecture: Drs. Usmar Salam, MIS Name: AGATHA TYAS ALFA S. NIM: 06/196560/SP/21772 Department: Ilmu Administrasi N

“Tourism in International Relations”
Lecture: Drs. Usmar Salam, MIS
Name: AGATHA TYAS ALFA S.
NIM: 06/196560/SP/21772
Department: Ilmu Administrasi Negara

Coral Reefs Business Arouse
Issue of environmental damage that the popularity of late concern all those involved to participate in cope. It is included in the field of tourism. Related to the environment, the development of mature tourism sector is also charged more attention to environmental impact. Tourism development with attention to environmental sustainability becomes a liability as a form of preservation of natural concern.
Each country has a policy in implementing the distinctive development of tourism sector without override environment. Development of tourism sector with attention to the impact on the environment requires a very large costs and not always aims to obtain a large income. Required so that a proper handling of the situation according to the region of a country.
Handling for one country not necessarily appropriate for other countries are applied. This is some of the factors that affect it. The factors that influence it, among others, area, number of population, the tourism potential of the situation and the demographic and geographic areas of the country. With regard factor-factor over a country the government can be sure consider impacts that can be incurred in carrying out a development. Not only in the field of tourism, but also in other sectors that can be run on an ongoing basis. So there is no means of supporting the development of a "not used".
To demonstrate how the implementation is different in every country, it is necessary to compare how a country of tourism policies with other countries. This tesebut also necessary to know the strengths and weaknesses of the policies that have been taken. By doing so, the weakness is still possible to have enhanced by policies that have been taken by other countries in order to obtain a policy development of tourism-friendly environment with an effective way.
There are two interesting places to be an example of benchmarking. Namely the development of tourism in coral reef marine park Bunaken, Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, and the development of tourism in coral reef marine park Mu Koh Chang Island, Thailand. Issues discussed about coral popularity in this recent years. This is caused by a lack of cognition community in maintaining the coral reef preservation. The coral reef aquarium for decoration, the use of toxic cyanide and bomb fishing in to be the main factor that caused the damage.
There is a similarity between Bunaken and Mu Koh Chang Island makes this place worthy to serve as a tourist destination considering the impact on the environment. Poverty in this region makes the two people to maintain awareness of nature preservation is very poor. They only think about how to get money quickly. The result is as mentioned above, people who derive most of the main use is as a fishing method which is very harmful to the environment in search of fish. The use of bombs and poison fish become a very popular way to catch fish. They do not know if how they do it can disrupt the balance of ecosystems that can kill their livelihood, if not immediate future in repair.
See such a reality, as the government determines the policy to create a program to save the coral reef ecosystem and make a new tourist destination. Sustainable tourism development of coral reefs is believed capable of attracting tourists who will also result in increased standard of living with many people around the visiting tourists. And indeed correct what has been predicted that, for preservation of coral reef tourism is indeed a lot of investment to embed. Separti that occur in Bunaken. Many resorts inbuilt into this indication.
Similarly, going on the island of Mu Koh Chang is now a favorite tourist destination in Thailand. Recorded at least one million visitors during the year 2007 to be proof of how interesting this place. Starting from 1982, the island of Mu Koh Chang as a coral reef conservation has now reap the results. Not only as a tourist destination model conserve coral reefs of this island has been used successfully in some areas in Thailand and also some areas in the South China Sea.
Nevertheless there is a difference between the management of marine parks that are in the garden Bunakaen compared with the sea on the island of Mu Koh Chang. In the development, was a native of Bunaken are still living in poverty. This happens because all inbuilt business in the sea park occupied by the foreign and capitalist with a strong funding support. Start from the coach to resort scuba diving all occupied by people who were not derived from the original national park. This is the result of government policy to push up economic growth in a way that IM looking for foreign investors as the development fund Bunaken.
Truly an ironic considering the fact that so much potential that can be used by the natives that can be used as a new livelihood for the rest live as fisherman, also a native of this time must sail away to the middle of sea to get fish. Although it has been there a clear division between the zones that can be used to find the zone for fishing and scuba diving are still things are not analogous in its implementation. Shallow water areas used for scuba diving, so the location does not allow them to catch fish in the area. The problem is not only up there.On the sea separated they must compete with the illegal fishermen from foreign countries that have more modern fishing equipment for the haul.
Bunaken for the size of the potential tourism areas from the year ketahun make it more and more investors, both foreign and domestic funds with which to embed the greater capital in that place. Later this is not only local residents are worried that, investors who have been there also began to fret will with the presence of new investors-investors with a larger fund that could also threaten the business they have build. With the presence of many investor-investor in this fear ful Bunaken as the main goal of conservation parks will be become less by reason of business. Imagine how many more resorts to be built and also the size more shallow sea change that will be in place for scuba diving and snorkeling.
Unlike the in Bunaken, sustainable tourism on the island of Mu Koh Chang involve residents in the surrounding development. The government also has prepared alternative source of income for fishermen. With them as the boat operator, and also provided as a coach ability snorkeling and scuba diving. With the "profession" the new will not automatically reduce the local population. Even with the introduction of new livelihoods can be possible that the local standard of living can be improved in line with the development of tourism sector on the island of Mu Koh Chang.
Empowerment of indigenous also to the treatment phase do and coral reef conservation efforts. With the coral reef conservation efforts can be made independently by the population. With management like this, though not famous than Bunaken as mentioned above have been in place has become a favorite tourist attractions in Thailand.
Policy restrictions the number of visitors should be made. Policy is to anticipate and prevent damage caused by the annual visitors. Management of marine parks on the island of Mu Koh Chang from budget-conscious visitors as necessary financing for coral reef conservation efforts. However, the other with the number of visitors will hamper the process of coral reef conservation is.
One weakness of the coral reef conservation on the island of Mu Koh Chang is financial problems. Because there are many restrictions and no assistance from foreign parties to make the funding of conservation should be a little hard work in the financing. May not factor this can hamper conservation efforts undertaken. As mentioned earlier above, the development of tourism will require a large amount of cost. Required so that a business that is big enough also in the fulfillment of funds in need. Although not always a matter of talking benefits, but also the financing of conservation must be observed. Do not due to conservation efforts that are too preferred the potention tourism into neg-lected.
With a little push aside commercial side, of course, to make conservation efforts will soon be reached. But that does not occur as such, the funds, of course, want to benefit from the investment that has been remove. This things which then makes the problem becomes complicated. On the one hand, the large funds required with the other consequences business have also been waiting for. Indeed, among the business with reasonable conservation efforts will never run collective. Investors will always be the lucky losers, moderately conservation efforts require a great cost. So the decision which must be taken sometimes to be a very difficult choice.
Ideally, the management of an eco tourism uses such as the capital owned by the park but with the management of Bunaken island of Mu Koh Chang. This will be a mix of fire is where conservation and tourism can go collective. Local residents can also participated in this activity so that extent of life improvements have also resulted in the awareness to protect coral reef preservation.
Need to be a treaty to achieve this. Cooperation between governments, investors, and local residents should be involved with both. The Government determines the policy should be biased to facilitate the interests of all parties, both local residents, investors, and finally as the tourists who will enjoy the results of the management. Not only tourists, the main goal of the development of tourism-friendly environment can also be realized.