Sustainable development in ancient tourism destination

article created by:
Anggara Raharyo
07/250308/SP/21920
international studies



Indonesia is a country with many history and legends to tell. Start from mountain, temple, city, even a statue and rock have it own story. Indonesia have many cultures from melayu, javanese, and in papua. Every island, every tribes have it own legends. Most of it give us a moral value that will create a social implications. The relic that now exist in indonesia somehow become a tourism destination.

Tourism destination in indonesia are mostly cultural tourism. As for known that indonesia oldest religion gospel are hindu and buddha. These things makes that the temple does so exist in indonesia especially in java island. Temples, stupa, and other stuff are actually became a part of tourism recently. There are also essence and the goal of sustainable development on these relic.

The other country that also have an ancient culture tourism is Egypt. A country that is located in north of africa is a tropical country. Egypt have it own speciallity, the pyramid. Pyramid is an ancient relic that came from ancient age where there was river society. River society means that the people of ancient age that only live in river, where at egypt is the nil river. By having a pyramid as their tourism destinatioan, there are such sustainable development that does exist. Especially after the pyramid is counted as the one of world miracle. It give much benefit to egypt as well as borobudur to Indonesia.

From these two countries that have an ancient culture as their tourism destination, there must be a differences on their way of making a sustainable development in their country. That is why there will be a comparison in this article. From Indonesia that have borobudur temple and Egypt that have pyramid as their ancient object.

First is on egypt, where there is an ancient mummy liveinside of it. The pyramid of egypt is already been there and never move since this modern era. It was said that the oldest city called Luxor city. Luxor city is more than 4000 years old. This old city is locaated to nil river where there are such a lot of relic in this city. There are statue of pharaoh, God of Ra, and God of Amon. This city is located too near to the river and when the river is flooded, some of the relic in here are taken by the flood and most of it are missing.

In 1998, the government had just started to use Luxor as their tourism destination. The first thing that is created by the government is the access. The access that is created is on air traffic and water traffic. The luxor city was created an airport that have international access, so that most of the tourist will came to luxor city have a direct flight from their own country. Second access is on water where actually the luxor city is mostly separated by the water. There are speedboats and ferryboats that will bring the tourist to their destination. There are many temple and culturu heritage in luxor city and that is why the government also created a road accees in these places and create the lodging after created the international airports.

Even the main objects is the world heritage, but the egypt tourism plan is not stop on giving a museum and giving a city trip to the world heritage. The egypt government also give a vacation more than just a history. There are also night club, that is created in the protocol road, there are also café that give more than just international food, but also give the local food, there are cheap market next to it, so the tourist can spend their time searching for a cheap souvenirs to bring to home. The government somehow also trick the tourist by creating a good city layout. Some new buildings in this city is created really artistic and really tricky. They are created based on firaun construction building, not only the tourist that are tricked, even the local citizen are also tricked by these construction.
The success of egypt on managing their tourism is based on the government plan also. The government in egypt realize that this city is actually is one of the world tourism destination and they plan to build this place. The egypt government make a regulation of free investments, it means that every investor may have potential to invest in egypt, but somehow the government also maintaining their control. The egypt government create a two big stakeholders besides tourism department, the Tourism Development Authority(TDA) who control the development around the beach, and egypt tourism authority(ETA), who became a partner in tourism department.
The tourism in egypt is still free zone where there are sustainable development but also there more than that and the most important thing is it is controlled and also still give a multiplier effect for the egypt citizen around the luxor city. Egypt even is one of most world citizen at the first time, it does still keep and package their tourism, so in every year, it may reach to bigger number.

Now lets start and compare to borobudur temple. The borobudur temple is one of the big sign of buddha gospel in south east asia. In the waisyak year of 2009, many countries in south east asia celebrate in borboudur. The borobudur itself became also the UNESCO world heritage but somehow no longer became the world magic sites. But somehow it does bring effect on the tourist number to borobudur, because somehow some people do not know the borobudur temple again.

Borobudur temple was really destroyed during its rehabilition. Many of part inside borobudur are flooded, and the drainage system just created to prevent flooding in borobudur. The renovation started at 1975 and finish at 1982. The borobudur temple is also now the main tourism destination in java island, most of the visitors are the country who have buddhanism in the country, such as thailand, sri lanka, china, and other countries in asia.

To comparebetween luxor city and borbudur we must see several part in the element of sustainable develepment. The differences will become a lesson for each other to improve the sustainable development itself.

The access are the first element of the sustainable development. The luxor city is the tourism place that is favorited by most of people in the world. The egypt pyramid became the main point of it, they have the international airport where it can be reacheable in fast way. Borobudur itself have also access to international airport but it takes around 40km or around one until two hours of driving. We know the location of the borobudur is high on the mountain that is why it needs more time. In Luxor city it have the land transport that is easier, while boroudur, the land transportation must be booked first. The suggestion is that the borobudur better have an shuttle bus wether to borobudur from airport or only from borobudur to mendut temple, that is a part of it.

The facility that does exist in borobudur is also different from the luxor city. In luxor city they have the big lodging that is invested by the foreign investors. It does give bigger place and also give a bigger job opportunities that the local citizen need it. While in borobudur the lodging is just simple and even sometimes not really taken care by the owner. The lodging in borobudur are created from local investor and mostly are small places. Some of the lodging creates a night event, but different from luxor city that creates the cheap market. So the suggestion for borobudur is to create the night tourism attractions, because it will increase the demand of lodging and somehow it will increase the number of lodging in there and creates the job opportunity.

Now move on the last part is how sustain both of it. The luxor city have created most of all they got, they create the museum, night market, night club and others. But somehow they cannot sustain more than this. Even they want to create more than status quo, its better if it is outside the city area so they can sustain more, somehow inside and near the pyramid is already finish the land with all they got now. While in borobudur it may still give some sustainable development. First is that only giving such as an access to tourist so it will be better and easier rather than now, second creating the packaging so there will be more demand on the lodging near borobudur. Start slowly there will be more facility like café, dining place, even more than that in borobudur area. The borobudur are are basically harder to manage because it have only small area and must consider the environment, but somehow by doing those two things, it wont give bad implication on environment.